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Sexual Health Issues If you need medical advice regarding your sexual health, ask Dr Tan. We are honored to have an In House Doctor who is here to help. |
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The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread -Updating
Hi all.
before you start a new thread check if your question has been answered before. Question 1 Does semen cause sexually transmitted infections? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...7&postcount=62 Question 2 Does anything happen if you swallow sperm? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...2&postcount=61 Question 3 Can the taste of a guy's semen indicate if he has an STD? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...9&postcount=63 Question 4 I am just wondering, is there a way to change the flavor of your semen? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...2&postcount=64 Question 5 I want to know if swallowing sperm makes you fat. I heard that it is 100% protien and 50 calories per squirt, is that true? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...3&postcount=65 Question 6 It is possible to get a sexually transmitted infection from having semen in the mouth? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...6&postcount=66 Question 7 Could my girlfriend get pregnant if I had pre-cum on my finger and then fingered her? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...5&postcount=68 Question 8 If for some odd and unknown reason a guy ejaculated in some bath water and a girl got in could she get pregnant from that? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...0&postcount=69 Question 9 I heard that if you have sex in a pool or hot tub, or any water, that it can damage a girl or even kill her because the water gets inside of her. Is this true? Or is it just a myth? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...4&postcount=70 Question 10 how many days does the sperm lives on the girl's body? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...2&postcount=71 Question 11 Can sperm get through layers of clothes and get someone pregnant? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...4&postcount=72 Question 12 My boyfriend said that i cant get pregnant if i stand up right after sex because he says that all the semen come out if i stand up and wont get a chance to get to the egg? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...7&postcount=73 Question 13 After I had unprotected sex, I rinsed my vagina out with water. Can this prevent pregnancy? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...4&postcount=74 Question 14 Are there any ways that you can reduce the risk of becoming pregnant after having unprotected sex? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...8&postcount=75 Question 15 I heard a girl can only get pregnant on the 14th day of her cycle, is this true? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...3&postcount=76 Question 16 When is a person mostly likely to get pregnant? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...8&postcount=77 Question 17 How about posting the no of calories various sexual activities burns? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...2&postcount=79 Question 18 Is Unprotected Oral Sex safe? http://sammyboyforum.com/sexual-...ml#post4711303 Question 19 All you need to know about HIV http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=17859 Question 20 All you need to know about STD ( with pictures) http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=29801 Question 21 HIV screening info ( with pictures) http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=19533 Question 22 All you need to know about Herpes http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=21670 Question 23 Does too much sex leads to kidney failure? http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?p=4238381 Question 24 Sharing of ways and method to improve Sexual Health http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=148167 Question 25 Smelly Cunt and bacterial vaginosis http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=165081 Question 26 Pain when inserting.. and foreskin tear? http://sammyboyforum.com/sexual-...skin-tear.html Question 27 rashes/spots on penis head http://sammyboyforum.com/sexual-...enis-head.html Question 28 seek advice on real problem-me pcc ok, fl ok but with wife not ok, how? http://sammyboyforum.com/sexual-...ot-ok-how.html Question 29 foreskin problem http://sammyboyforum.com/sexual-...t-problem.html Question 30 How to wear a Condom - the proper way http://sammyboyforum.com/sexual-...ml#post4179882 http://sammyboyforum.com/adult-d...ml#post1097235 Question 31 HJ safe from STD? http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=144124 Question 32 Circumcision https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...0&postcount=11 https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...1&postcount=12 https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...3&postcount=13 http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=26290 https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...6&postcount=40 Question 33 Dry skin and penis skin tear problem http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=174011 Question 34 Sensitive to latex Condom , How? http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=113680 Question 35 How to locate Female G-spot http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...58&postcount=1 Question 36 How to last longer - male Orgasm http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...73&postcount=5 http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...82&postcount=6 Question 37 Sexual Positions *For the pregnant woman http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...4&postcount=17
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You are my forum, my only forum, you make me happy, when skies are grey... Sex health related questions click here. WOMEN'S CHARTER click here Sg law on sex related matters click here Last edited by Big Sexy; 09-12-2015 at 11:07 AM. |
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread
Question 38 What are dental dam and how to use them?
http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...7&postcount=21 Question 39 Painful Intercourse (dyspareunia) http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...8&postcount=22 Question 40 PC muscle (Pubococcygeus muscle) http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...2&postcount=23 Question 41 lubricants and Vaginal Dryness http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...8&postcount=24 Question 42 Wet Vagina and Douching http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...0&postcount=25 Question 43 Tips on how to get your wife Pregnant http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...2&postcount=29 Question 43 Tips on how to How to pleasure a woman http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...0&postcount=30 Question 44 Secrets of a good blow-job http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...2&postcount=31 Question 45 Cunnilingus http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...7&postcount=32 Question 46 sperm and semen http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...7&postcount=44 Question 47 What is the fluid on the tip of his penis before he ejaculates (Cum)? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...3&postcount=49 Question 48a How long does sperm live after ejaculation? Question 48b Can a guy hold his "come" inside during sex, or is an orgasm uncontrollable? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...7&postcount=50 Question 49 Blood in the urine(Hematuria) http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=265 Question 50 Five kinds of condoms: A guide for consumers http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=226 Question 51 Pain in Testicle http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=227 Question 52 Circumcision and sex http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=228 Question 53 Penis pain could be phimosis http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=229 Question 54 A penis with two holes (Hypospadias) http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=230 Question 55 ABORTION( Surgical Abortion and Medical Abortion) Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 Question 56 Testicular self-exams — how? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=231 Question 57 White spots on penis and tight foreskin http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=232 Question 58 Bumps/lumps on penis http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=233 Question 59 Is Anal–oral sex (Anilingus) safe? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=234 Question 60 Penis Enlargement: Does It Work? part 1 | Part 2 Question 61 Two streams of urine? and prostate cancer http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=237 Question 62 Will just one testicle tamper with sex life and fatherhood? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=238 Question 63 What's up with morning erections? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=239 Question 64 Does intercourse pain affect men? Painful intercourse (dyspareunia) http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=245 Question 65 Veins on the penis http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=255 Question 66 Normal Vaginal Discharge http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=240 Question 67 Prolonging arousal/Lasting longer http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=241 Question 68 Frenulum breve, foreskin doesn't fully retract when penis is erect — surgery? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=242 Question 69 Is it possible to "break" your penis? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=243 Question 70 how much does the Std/HIV test cost? http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=212137 Question 71 Bumps/lumps on penis http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=257 Question 72 Let's go condom shopping! Brands, sizes, textures — what to buy? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=258 Question 73 Connection between ejaculation frequency and prostate health http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=259 Question 74 Holding your pee — will it damage the prostate? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=260 Question 75 Epididymitis http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=261 Question 76 Urethritis is swelling and irritation (inflammation) of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the body http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=262 Question 77 Men's hot flashes: Andropause? http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=263 https://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=547756 Question 78 Do no testicles mean no erection? (Testicular torsion) http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=264 Question 79 What increases the chance of getting HIV? and your HIV Risk estimation tool here https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...&postcount=888
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You are my forum, my only forum, you make me happy, when skies are grey... Sex health related questions click here. WOMEN'S CHARTER click here Sg law on sex related matters click here Last edited by Big Sexy; 20-04-2017 at 06:46 AM. |
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread
Question 79 Does Circumcision Help Prevent HIV Transmission?
http://sammyboyforum.com/showpos...&postcount=593 Question 80 Is it possible to get STD from those regulated pros? http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?p=4426792 Question 81 : Vaginal Odour [CCB] - Causes http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=282454 Question 82 :Retrograde ejaculation http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=152562 post 4 and 5 Question 83 :Termination of Pregnancy/Abortion in Singapore http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=152562 post 6 and 7 Question 84 :What's up with morning erection? http://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?p=13260662 Question 85 If you are tested positive for any STDs, will the clinic register you to govt records https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...18&postcount=4 Question 86 Is it possible for a hiv test to show up positive only at the 6 months mark? https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...1&postcount=11 https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...3&postcount=14 Question 87 i still doubt the negative HIV test results that i had. https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...20&postcount=7 Question 88 Need advice on unprotected Sex With Prostitute https://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=545318 Question 89 Burning sensation when urinating https://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=540708 Question 90 Blood in Sperm https://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=549363 Question 91 it is common for the bros here to contract hiv from protected sex with MLs/FLs/other sex workers etc[ https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...&postcount=916 Question 92 is there anyway to measure herpes transmission rate https://sammyboyforum.co.nz/showthread.php?t=550882 Question 93 licking and sucking pussy..can transfer hiv? https://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=553116 Question 94 White stringy particles floating in urine https://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=553087 Question 95 What is the difference between DSC at Kelantan and AFA https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...&postcount=941 Question 96 What STDs test does the WL in SG undergo https://sammyboyforum.com/showpo...6&postcount=16 Question 97 STDs windows period https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...1&postcount=10 Question 98 read this thread to know more on PEP treatment in Singapore https://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=573184 Question 99 why syphilis seems to be a more serious std compare to other std??? https://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=572630 Question 100 can herpes carrier donate blood? https://sammyboyforum.com/showthread.php?t=571915 Question 101 Herpes myths vs facts https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...&postcount=557 Question 102 Vaginal Atrophy https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...2&postcount=77 Question 103 Genital Psoriasis: Symptoms and Treatment https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...7&postcount=80 Question 104 Choosing between Viagra, Cialis, and Levitra: What to consider https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...1&postcount=90 Question 105 Acute HIV(early state) infection: Symptoms, diagnosis, and management https://sammyboyforum.com/showpost.p...&postcount=891
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You are my forum, my only forum, you make me happy, when skies are grey... Sex health related questions click here. WOMEN'S CHARTER click here Sg law on sex related matters click here Last edited by Big Sexy; 25-05-2017 at 12:16 PM. |
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread -Updating
Retrograde ejaculation
source here Retrograde ejaculation occurs when semen enters the bladder instead of going out through the urethra during ejaculation. Causes, incidence, and risk factors The main reason for retrograde ejaculation is that the bladder neck does not close. This causes semen to go backwards into the bladder rather than forward out of the penis. Retrograde ejaculation may also be caused by: - Diabetes - Some medications, including drugs used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and some mood-altering drugs - Surgery to the prostate or urethra The condition is uncommon. Symptoms Cloudy urine after orgasms Little or no semen is released during ejaculation Signs and tests A urinalysis that is taken soon after ejaculation will show a large amount of sperm in the urine. Treatment Your health care provider may recommend that you stop taking a drug if it is causing your retrograde ejaculation. This can make the problem go away. Retrograde ejaculation that is caused by diabetes or surgery may be treated with medications such as pseudoephedrine or imipramine. Expectations (prognosis) If retrograde ejaculation is caused by medications, stopping the drug will often bring back normal ejaculation. If retrograde ejaculation is caused by surgery or diabetes, it is often not correctable. Complications The condition may cause infertility. However, semen can often be removed from the bladder and used during assistive reproductive techniques to achieve a pregnancy. Calling your health care provider Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you are having trouble conceiving a child or you are worried about retrograde ejaculation. Prevention Maintaining good blood sugar control may help prevent this condition in men who have diabetes. Avoiding drugs that cause retrograde ejaculation will also prevent this condition.
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You are my forum, my only forum, you make me happy, when skies are grey... Sex health related questions click here. WOMEN'S CHARTER click here Sg law on sex related matters click here Last edited by Big Sexy; 07-07-2012 at 06:54 AM. |
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread -Updating
retrograde-ejaculation-can-it-be-reversed???
source: http://goaskalice.columbia.edu/retro...it-be-reversed Quote:
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread -Updating
Termination of Pregnancy/Abortion in Singapore
source information on who to contact and how to proceed in the event of an unwanted pregnancy. Also information on the types of termination practised, the counselling available and general health promotion. In Singapore, abortion is legal on socio-medical grounds. The legal time limit for abortion is 24 weeks into the pregnancy. The Age of Legal Consent and Under 21s In Singapore the Abortion Act law states that there is no defined age limit for the abortion procedure, nor is there a legal requirement for parental consent for minors under the age of 21. In other words just about anyone may request the procedure for unwanted pregnancy, provided they are of sound mind and body and understand the risks and details of the procedure. Note: In contrast, if a miscarriage happens, then parental consent is required for anyone below the age of 21. The law applies to all patients, regardless of nationality. Legal restrictions on foreigners Foreigners are only eligible for pregnancy termination/abortion in Singapore if one of the following criteria are met: They have been residing in Singapore for 4 months or more They are married to a Singapore citizen or have PR status If they have a work permit These restrictions do not apply to foreigners who require evacuation for miscarriage, but the age of legal consent (21 and above) will apply in this scenario. Before the Procedure The Abortion Law act requires that the woman undergoes brief counselling by a qualified abortion counsellor at any accredited abortion clinic, and watch a video on the subject. Girls under 16 years of age have to undergo mandatory counselling at the Health Promotion Board Counselling Centre. They will be issued with a Certificate of Attendance (COA) without which they will not legally be allowed to have an abortion. There is also a mandatory waiting period of 48 hours after the counselling before the procedure can be done. Procedure for an Abortion There are 2 main types of abortion procedure, depending on the gestation of the pregnancy 1, For early pregnancies 3 months (12 weeks) and below, the procedure is called vacuum aspiration. This usually involves being put to sleep for about 10 minutes, during which time a small tube is placed into the womb via the vagina. An attached vacuum will then remove all the pregnancy contents of the womb. 2. For pregnancies 3 to 6 months (13 to 24 weeks) , the procedure is known as Mid Trimester Pregnancy Termination (MTPT) which is a more complicated affair. Hospitalisation is usually required for a day or two, during which medicine is inserted into the vagina to induce natural expulsion of the pregnancy. After the foetus and placenta are aborted, the process of evacuation of the womb follows. This is basically the same procedure as used in vacuum aspiration; it ensures that the womb contents have been thoroughly evacuated. The second method takes a little longer and is messier, so it is far preferable that an early decision for abortion be made, before 3 months if possible. Abortion in a pregnancy beyond 24 weeks Abortion is not allowed if a pregnancy has progressed beyond 24 weeks. The legal limit of termination of pregnancy in Singapore is 6 months, or 24 weeks, beyond which abortion of any pregnancy is illegal. Most doctors would not initiate abortion beyond 23 weeks as the abortion has to be completed by 24 weeks. The only exception to this rule would be a severe or lethal foetal abnormality but even then, special approval would have to be sought from the authorities before the procedure can be done. Limit to how early in a pregnancy the abortion can be performed A woman choosing to have the procedure, should make an appointment as soon as possible in order to date and to locate the pregnancy so that the timing of the procedure can be planned. This is important because is not advisable to have the procedure too early in the pregnancy, as the risks of retained products and a "missed" abortion is higher. Expected downtime after the procedure Though the evacuation procedure itself takes only about 10 to 20 minutes, it would probably be advisable to take the rest of the day off in view of the residual effects of the anaesthesia. Recovery should be complete by the next day. Risks with the procedure The risks of the procedure are rare, and consist of bleeding from the womb, infection and trauma to the cervix. Another extremely rare complication is uterine perforation, which is when the probe goes through the wall of the womb, and which requires repair via keyhole surgery. Long term effects (including emotional and psychological trauma) The risks of infertility from abortion carried out in a modern setting, particularly in a sterile environment, are extremely low. As for psychosocial effects, these are far less common than some sensationalist media imply. In fact the only satisfactory studies conducted in this regard show that there is an improvement in the mental well-being when compared to someone who has to go through the entire process of an unwanted pregnancy. Nonetheless many aspects of emotional and mental well being are subjective, and coloured by social, cultural and religious influences, making this a controversial issue. The impact of regret also varies from individual to individual. A qualified gynaecologist can provide in-depth discussion and unbiased counselling. Cost of the procedure The cost of the surgery itself in Singapore ranges from S$300 to S$2000. The large disparity is due to variations in the type of theatre employed, the depth of anaesthesia applied and in the package inclusions. For MTPT, the hospitalisation and medication charges must also be taken into account. An accredited abortion centre should be contacted for an in-depth discussion. Patients are also usually entitled to a medisave claim, although this may not be relevant to foreigners. Abortion through taking medication The practice of medical termination via taking of prostaglandins has the advantage of avoiding surgery. However it is a more prolonged process, and may involve pain and bleeding which may last for weeks. There is also a slightly higher failure rate, which may still require one to undergo a formal evacuation if the medicine fails. Traditional medicines The procedure should only be undertaken under the supervision of a qualified non-objecting gynaecologist trained in abortion procedures. "Traditional" or "alternative" methods of abortion using pineapples, herbs and/or instrumentation in unsanitary conditions should be avoided as complications such as infection, bleeding and sometimes infertility can occur. The Doctor's Rights, a Woman's Choice A doctor may refuse to perform the procedure on personal grounds although the woman retains her choice in the matter of abortion. It is the duty of every responsible medical practitioner to offer the patient a second opinion even if they object to the procedure on religious grounds. An accredited abortion centre is a good source of unbiased objective information. The final decision is made by the pregnant woman. The most important aspect of abortion is the decision to have one. There are a myriad of conflicting social, religious and financial issues that have to be sorted out carefully so time should be taken to make an informed decision as this is something that should not be taken lightly. |
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread -Updating
Abortion
source here If you have any questions about contraception, sexually transmitted infections, STI testing, pregnancy or abortion, the best thing you can do is speak with a doctor. If you don’t have a doctor then talk to the DSC Clinic or visit a local clinic. Who can have an abortion? According to the Singapore Abortion Act law: there is no defined age limit for the abortion procedure there is no legal requirement for parental consent for minors abortion is prohibited after 24 weeks (6 months) of pregnancy unless the mother’s life is in danger What is the process? Abortion patients must undergo compulsory counselling before the procedure. Girls below 16 years of age need to be counseled at the Health Promotion Board Counselling Centre (except for rape victims). This is followed by a mandatory waiting period of 48 hours before the procedure can be done. If you want an abortion and your doctor refuses on personal grounds, you have the right to seek a second opinion. See here for other providers. Patients will normally undergo post abortion counseling after the procedure and may be required to return a week later to check for any complications. Because of the risk of infection, some doctors may advise that you should not have sex for up to two weeks after your procedure. Types of Abortion In Singapore, there are 2 main types of abortion procedure: vacuum aspiration – (up to 14 weeks) The patient will have to fast for at least 4 hours and sedation will be given as anesthesia (ie you will be put to sleep for about 10 minutes). Then a small tube is placed into the womb via the vagina. An attached vacuum will then remove the pregnancy. The patient should be able to go home after 2 to 4 hours. Mid Trimester Pregnancy Termination – (14 to 24 weeks) This process is more complicated and hospitalisation is usually required for a day or two. Medicine is inserted into the vagina to induce natural expulsion of the pregnancy. After the foetus and placenta are aborted, the womb is cleared by by vacuum aspiration as above. Because the second procedure is much more complicated, it is much better for an early decision for abortion be made. Legal restrictions on foreigners Foreigners are only eligible for abortion in Singapore if one of the following criteria are met: They have been residing in Singapore for 4 months or more They are married to a Singapore citizen or have PR status If they have a work permit More Info Teen Central – Health Promotion Board Termination of Pregnancy/Abortion in Singapore – Anglo Info Guidelines on Termination of Pregnancy (PDF) – Ministry of Health Singapore Sees Abortion Rates Rise – AFP, May 2009 Statistics A Ministry of Health spokeswoman said there were 12,222 abortions in Singapore in 2008, compared to 11,933 in 2007. No official figures are available for 2009 (source). During the same period there were 39,935 babies delivered indicating that roughly 1 in 4 pregnancies are terminated. While a small proportion of pregnancies are terminated for health reasons, most terminations are due to financial or social concerns (unwanted pregnancy). |
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread -Updating
Hello.
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread -Updating
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread -Updating
use this as a guide
typical STD testing windows are: http://www.thestdproject.com/std-tes...t-tested-stds/ Chlamydia Urine Test: Possible Detection – Within the first week Most Likely Detection – 2 Weeks Highest Accuracy – 4 Weeks Gonorrhea Urine Test: Possible Detection – Within the first week Most Likely Detection – 1-2 Weeks Highest Accuracy – 2-3 Weeks Herpes Simplex 1 & 2 Blood Test: Possible Detection – 2-4 Weeks Most Likely Detection – 6-12 Weeks Highest Accuracy – 12-16 Weeks Syphilis Blood Test: Possible Detection – 1-2 Weeks Most Likely Detection – 6 Weeks Highest Accuracy – 12 Weeks HIV Antibody Test *: Possible Detection – 3 Weeks Most Likely Detection – 4-6 Weeks Highest Accuracy – 12 Weeks HIV Early Detection Test **: Possible Detection – 1-2 Weeks Most Likely Detection – 3 Weeks Highest Accuracy – 3-4 Weeks Hepatitis A Blood Test: Possible Detection – 2-3 Weeks Most Likely Detection – 3-6 Weeks Highest Accuracy – 6-7 Weeks Hepatitis B Blood Test: Possible Detection – 1-6 Weeks Most Likely Detection – 6-10 Weeks Highest Accuracy – 12 Weeks Hepatitis C Blood Test: Possible Detection – 4-5 Weeks Most Likely Detection – 6-9 Weeks Highest Accuracy – 10-12 Weeks |
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread -Updating
Circumcision: Why It's Done, Risks and Recovery
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/302234.php Circumcision is one of the oldest and most commonly performed of all the surgical procedures. Decisions to carry out a circumcision can be religious, social, medical or cultural. In this article, we will look at how a circumcision is conducted and what can be expected after the event. There is a fair amount of controversy surrounding this simple procedure and its prophylactic benefits. We will touch on areas of dispute when relevant. What is a circumcision? Circumcision is the removal of the foreskin of the penis. The foreskin is the shroud of skin that can be gently pulled back to uncover the head of the penis. The procedure is relatively simple in surgical terms. The foreskin is freed from the head of the penis and, in a child, it is clipped off. In adults, it is removed with a scalpel. The wound is then either cauterized or stitched with dissolvable sutures. Circumcision of a baby takes between 5-10 minutes while an adult's operation takes around 1 hour. Circumcision: who and where The World Health Organization (WHO) state that around 30% of men have been circumcised globally. Of these, 70% are Muslim. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 58% of American newborns were circumcised in 2010. Circumcision soon after birth (neonatal circumcision) is most common in Israel, the US, Canada, Australia and across much of the Middle East, Central Asia and West Africa. In contrast, the procedure is quite rare in East and Southern Africa, Latin America and throughout Europe. The reasons for this disparity in usage vary but the predominant reason is religion. Disagreements as to the medical benefits of circumcision also play a part, however. Non-religious circumcision appears to be declining in the Western world. In America, the rate dropped from 68% in 1979 to 58% in 2010.2 Neonatal circumcision in Canada fell from about 20% in 1996/97 to 9.2% in 2005. Australia has also followed suit, dropping from 49% in 1973/74 to around 10.8% in 2013. A brief history of circumcision The exact date of the first circumcision will never be known. Some experts believe the operation dates back as far as 15,000 years and slowly spread throughout a variety of cultures. Egyptian mummies from 2300 BC are found to circumcised, so the procedure clearly has an age-old pedigree. Circumcision is also mentioned liberally throughout the Bible, hence its modern day usage within the Jewish population. Some believe that circumcision was first popularized in the ancient world as a public health measure. It is theorized that it became popular as a way of preventing balanitis (a condition where the head of the penis swells up and prevents the foreskin from returning to its normal position), caused by a build up of sand under the foreskin. This is not just wild conjecture. The Australian military, fighting in arid conditions during World War II, reported that balanitis caused by sand under the foreskin reached "epidemic" proportions. Circumcision did not become popular in the Western world until the late 19th century. Rather than being performed for medical reasons, the procedure was carried out in an effort to prevent masturbation. Before the 20th century, masturbation was believed to be the cause of a whole manner of physical and mental illnesses, including epilepsy, paralysis, impotence, gonorrhea, tuberculosis, feeble-mindedness and insanity. Over time, the medical reasoning behind circumcision changed and developed. The operation became incredibly popular and recommended in much of the English-speaking world. After World War II, Britain moved to a nationalized health care system; as part of a cost-cutting exercise and because there was little compelling evidence of circumcision's benefits, the procedure was dropped from its recommendations. This explains why today there is a large difference between circumcision rates in the UK (less than 3% of newborns in 2000) and the US (58% of newborns in 2010). Cont next post |
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread -Updating
Circumcision: Why It's Done, Risks and Recovery
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/302234.php Reasons given for neonatal circumcision here are a number of claimed health benefits associated with neonatal circumcision. Below are listed the most common: Religion: religious circumcision is the most common reason for the procedure Hygiene: washing the penis is easier without the skin folds of the foreskin, although washing with the foreskin intact is not a particularly difficult procedure Decreased risk of urinary tract infection: urinary tract infections are more prevalent in uncircumcised men and can lead to kidney problems later in life. However, they are very rare in males under 50 whether circumcised or not Decrease in risk of sexually transmitted infections (STI): some evidence points to a lower risk of some STIs like HIV (more detail below). One study found that uncircumcised men are twice as likely as circumcised men to develop herpes or gonorrhea, and five times as likely to develop candidiasis or syphilis Prevention of certain penile problems: in very rare cases, the foreskin can become impossible to retract, or the head of the penis can become inflamed and need surgical intervention (phimosis and balanitis respectively - see page 3) Decreased risk of penile cancer: cancers of the penis are rare, but they occur more commonly in uncircumcised men. However, it has been estimated that 300,000 circumcisions may be required to prevent one penile cancer per year. Circumcision and HIV There is a strong belief that circumcision helps lessen the risks of HIV being transmitted during intercourse. Research in the field is almost exclusively conducted in Africa, where the need is greatest. Current literature is split concerning the links between circumcision and the likelihood of contracting HIV. Findings from research conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa can not necessarily be extrapolated to the Western world. Added to this, the US has one of the highest rates of HIV infection in the industrialized world, despite circumcision being more prevalent here than in many other countries. The head of the penis and the shaft are covered in dry, external cells. However, the internal membrane of the foreskin has less keratinization (layers of fibrous protein). The foreskin's underside is constructed differently and is formed of a mucosal membrane. For this reason, some believe it has more potential target sites for HIV. Some studies have indeed shown that the foreskin's inner membrane could be more susceptible to HIV infection. However, other studies have not demonstrated this. The evidence at this stage is inconclusive. The foreskin may be more prone to splits and ruptures during intercourse, leaving an open door for pathogens to enter the bloodstream. A further possibility is that the space between the penis and the foreskin might provide an environment in which a virus can survive for a period of time, raising the risk of infection for the individual and their next partner. High-level population data does suggest that HIV incidence drops in areas with an increased number of circumcised males. According to the CDC: Quote:
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread -Updating
Circumcision: Why It's Done, Risks and Recovery
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/302234.php Circumcision in adulthood Circumcision is performed in adults less frequently than in children. The procedure takes longer and is likely to be more traumatic the older an individual is. There are still certain circumstances when an adult circumcision may be considered, however. Phimosis Phimosis is the inability to pull back the foreskin of the penis. The condition affects around 1% of 7th graders. At birth, the foreskin is naturally tight and slowly loosens as the boy develops. In the case of phimosis, this tightening is slower to reduce. Typically, the problem resolves between the ages of 5 and 7. If the problem persists and there is inflammation or ballooning during urination, intervention may be sought. In rare cases, circumcision is used to permanently remedy the situation. Paraphimosis Paraphimosis is effectively the opposite to phimosis: the foreskin is stuck behind the head of the penis and restricts the blood flow to the end of the penis. This condition is considered to be a medical emergency. Paraphimosis is often iatrogenic; in other words, it is a reaction to a medical procedure, such as a urethral catheter or penile examination. If left untreated, paraphimosis can lead to gangrene and autoamputation. Once the initial issue is resolved, a circumcision is often prescribed to prevent future occurrences Balanitis Balanitis is a condition where the head of the penis swells up and the foreskin can no longer be brought to its natural position. This condition can be caused by an infection, dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema or lichen planus (a skin disease). Having unprotected sex with a partner who has vaginal thrush can also increase the chances of balanitis, as can suffering from diabetes. Depending on the initial cause of the issue, balanitis can be treated by steroid or antifungal creams, a course of antibiotics, or, as a last port of call - circumcision Risks of circumcision There are risks associated with any form of surgery, but circumcision is a relatively safe procedure. The risks include the following: The foreskin might be cut too short or left too long It may not heal properly Blood loss and hemorrhage Meatal stenosis: a condition where the urinary stream is deflected upwards making it difficult to aim Damage to the urethra (the tube that carries urine through the penis) making urination difficult Accidental amputation of the head of the penis (very rare) Blood infection or poisoning (septicemia) The foreskin left behind might reattach to the penis and require further minor surgery A decrease in the sensation of the penis, especially during intercourse Recovery from circumcision As with any surgery, the affected area will be bruised and swollen. The pain, bruising and swelling will abate over a 2-3 week period. Further recommendations: Underwear that holds the penis in place is often considered more comfortable than loose fitting boxer shorts Pain medication will be prescribed, and although there will be discomfort, because the operation is relatively minor, it should not be excruciating Urination can be painful. Drinking plenty of fluids will help dilute the acidity of the urine. A dab of petroleum jelly on the end of the penis can also help abate any associated stinging sensations Do not use an antiseptic cream on the surgical area as this can interfere with the healing process Avoid physical activities until the wound has healed, which typically takes 3 weeks in older boys and men. Erections can be painful during the recovery phase. These are some steps that can help minimize the chance of nocturnal erections: Empty your bladder before retiring, and relieve yourself during the night Lie on your side, rather than back It may be helpful to draw your knees up into a more fetal position. Circumcision, for such a simple operation, has seen more than its fair share of controversy. The procedure is brief and the recovery swift, but the medical benefits are often uncertain. Quote:
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread -Updating
Female Condoms: Use, Advantages, Effectiveness
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/309483.php A female condom is a flexible pouch inserted into the vagina or anus before sex. Their role is to prevent pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. During intercourse, these thin silicone-coated polyurethane or nitrile sheaths collect ejaculated semen. The female condom differs in appearance from the male condom. Female condoms are pouches with a soft, flexible ring on each end. The ring on the closed end is inserted into the vagina and holds the condom in place. The open-ended ring remains outside of the vagina during sex. When used for anal intercourse, the condom is inserted into the anus instead of the vagina. Female condoms have yet to receive official approval for use in anal intercourse, however. While a female condom can be inserted up to 8 hours before intercourse, users should only use the condom once. Users should remove female condoms immediately following sexual intercourse.1,2,4 For a female condom to be effective in preventing pregnancy, it must be used correctly. Female condoms are 95 percent effective in preventing pregnancy when used correctly, with a 5 percent failure rate.1,2 When female condoms are not always used correctly, their effectiveness in preventing pregnancy drops to 79 percent, with a 21 percent failure rate.1-4 Although female condoms offer some protection from sexually transmitted infection, more extensive research is needed in this area. Male and female condoms should not be used at the same time due to the risk of breakage or tearing. Quote:
As with any form of birth control, female condoms have both advantages and disadvantages to their use. Advantages of female condom use: Safe, simple and convenient Female-controlled Can be used during menstrual periods Can be used with spermicide Can be inserted up to 8 hours in advance or inserted as part of sexual foreplay Can be used in the presence of a latex allergy Can be used with oil-, silicone-, and water-based lubricants Will not affect a woman's hormones Provides additional protection of the labia, perineum, and base of the penis from the human papillomavirus (HPV) and herpes External ring may enhance clitoral stimulation in some women Does not require a male erection to keep the condom in place. Potential disadvantages of female condom use: Vaginal, vulvar, anal, or penile irritation Allergic reaction Vaginal discomfort May slip into the vagina or anus during intercourse Not officially approved for anal intercourse Sexual sensation reduction and possible noise with sex Less discreet than other forms of contraception Has a lower efficacy rate than other non-barrier methods Each female condom can only be used once More expensive than male condoms More research is needed on exact performance in protecting against sexually transmitted diseases Requires learning how to use properly. Buying female condoms Female condoms can be purchased over the counter and online. Female condoms typically range in price between $2-4 per condom.1,2 Instructions and use of female condoms For instructions on use and insertion, see the package insert of the purchased female condom. If you have any questions about using of female condoms and if it is the right birth control choice for you, speak with your healthcare provider. Written by Lori Smith BSN MSN CRNP |
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Re: The Sex Health Issue Summary Thread -Updating
Thanks so much for this wonderful posts, I tried to read all thread but it seem so hard but thanks i have an idea about this. Keep posting guys. Thanks
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